Thinking and reasoning skills involve recalling and evaluating information, developing an understanding of concepts, making connections, thinking about our own and others’ thinking processes and forming creative ideas.

Research skills enable students to learn to gather, organise and record reliable information, safely and responsibly, from a range of sources. Children tend to develop research skills early and use them consistently throughout their lives when they learn in an environment in which these skills are valued and practised.

Effective communication requires the ability to express needs, ideas and views clearly, confidently and concisely in speech and through other media, listening attentively to others and understanding non-verbal cues.

Learning about emotional intelligence and developing social skills promotes constructive interaction with others and the formation of positive relationships. Some of these skills include showing empathy, participating in group activities, maintaining healthy relationships, negotiating and problem solving.

Self-management skills involve self-care, setting goals, planning, prioritising, taking action, developing motivation, confidence and determination. Developing the ability to deal with failures and accept constructive criticism through age-appropriate experiences enable students to be independent, resilient and successful.